Strange
cable fault
It was a very large private house set in an ancient
quarry. The owner was on holiday and he had left instructions
that the four large TV aerials were to be removed. Accordingly
a steel mast 7m high had been fixed to the cliff face about 80m
from the house, and out of sight. The estate workers had installed
a 54mm plastic duct all the way from the mast to the house, via
a river bridge. I was asked what type of cable to pull in and
I suggested that they put at least six lengths of CT125DB (direct
burial) in the duct. One for UHF, four for satellite, and one
spare. There was a lot of grumbling about this, because they thought
one cable would be enough, but they did as they were told.
When I went to have a look at the job I saw that the place they
had chosen for the mast was behind a big tree, but I was told
not to worry. The offending branches would be removed. I fixed
the aerial at the top of a 4m mast clamped to the top of their
7m mast. Analogue signals were all approximately –2dBmV
(quite good for the area). Since cable losses worked out at about
10dB I thought that it would be better to use a single stage masthead
amp and add further amplification at the bottom end rather than
risk having a high gain masthead overloaded by out of band signals
such as Tetra. Having connected one of the CT125 cables (they
were actually a cheap looking ‘equivalent’) I went
to the distribution amplifier in the house and checked the input.
These were all low, equating to cable losses as follows: ch22
14dB, ch25 18dB, ch28 21dB, ch32 22dB. The higher channels had
massive losses, with ch56 losing about 38dB. Of course I wasted
time checking the masthead amp output. Finally I tried one of
the other cables and that worked fine. I picked up the offcut
from the first cable and cut a few feet off and looked at the
end. It looked OK, so I did it again. I was looking for moisture,
but instead I found that the inner did not run centrally in the
dielectric but was at the very edge, occupying one of the ‘air
space’ cells. It turned out that this fault occurred intermittently
along the length of the cable. It was very lucky that we had a
spare cable. |